Domain

Physical Development & Health

Gross-motor, fine-motor, health, and self-care growth as the bodily foundation for all early learning. As children gain strength, coordination, and control, they build the stability and independence that let them explore, play, and engage with every other domain.

Ages 0–72 months

Skills

Explores Objects with the Senses
Child uses looking, touching, mouthing, and handling to learn the properties of objects and how they work.
Develops a Pincer Grasp
Infant picks up small objects using the thumb and index finger together.
Coordinates Hand and Eye Movements
Child uses sight to guide the hands when reaching, releasing, stacking, and fitting objects together.
Uses Large Muscles to Explore
Child uses whole-body movements such as crawling, climbing, running, kicking, and throwing to explore and act on the environment.
Explores Healthy Eating
Toddler shows interest in trying new nutritious foods and communicates hunger and fullness.
Moves Body with Sensory Awareness
Child uses sight, sound, and body awareness to plan movements and judge how their body fits and moves through space.
Walks and Climbs
Toddler walks independently and climbs onto and over low furniture and steps.
Adjusts Reach and Grasp to Use Tools
Child changes how the hand reaches and grips to use simple tools such as spoons, markers, and toy shovels.
Learns Safe Behaviors with Adult Support
Toddler accepts adult guidance in unsafe situations and begins to tell safe from unsafe behaviors.
Manages Self-Care Routines
Child carries out daily routines such as dressing, handwashing, and feeding themselves with growing independence.
Uses Fine-Motor Tools
Child handles tools such as child scissors, tongs, and crayons with control.
Follows Personal Safety Practices
Child knows and follows basic personal safety rules and routines, identifying and avoiding common dangers.
Guides Movement with Perception
Child uses awareness of body, space, and other people to coordinate movements and interact with objects and peers.
Makes Nutritious Food Choices
Child identifies healthy foods, understands that food helps the body grow, and makes nutritious choices with growing independence.
Balances, Hops, and Throws
Child balances on one foot, hops, and throws and catches a ball with growing control.